Referencias

Referencias

Todas las referencias corresponden a estudios reales y publicados, verificables en las fuentes enlazadas. Presentamos tanto los hallazgos favorables como los negativos y las revisiones de baja certeza para ofrecer una imagen honesta de la evidencia.

  1. 1.
    Whittle SL, Johnston RV, McDonald S, et al. Stem cell injections for osteoarthritis of the knee. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2025.Fuente
  2. 2.
    Vega A, Martín-Ferrero MA, Del Canto F, et al. Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis With Allogeneic Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Transplantation. 2015;99(8):1681-1690.Fuente
  3. 3.
    Lamo-Espinosa JM, Mora G, Blanco JF, et al. Intra-articular injection of two different doses of autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells versus hyaluronic acid in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis: long-term follow up of a multicenter randomized controlled clinical trial (phase I/II). J Transl Med. 2018;16(1):213.Fuente
  4. 4.
    Lee WS, Kim HJ, Kim KI, et al. Intra-Articular Injection of Autologous Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells for the Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis: A Phase IIb, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial. Stem Cells Transl Med. 2019;8(6):504-511.Fuente
  5. 5.
    Cao M, Zhang Y, Feng Y, et al. Efficacy and safety of mesenchymal stem cells in knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Stem Cell Res Ther. 2025.Fuente
  6. 6.
    Jo CH, Chai JW, Jeong EC, et al. Intra-articular Injection of Mesenchymal Stem Cells for the Treatment of Osteoarthritis of the Knee: A 2-Year Follow-up Study. Am J Sports Med. 2017;45(12):2774-2783.Fuente
  7. 7.
    Patel S, Dhillon MS, Aggarwal S, Marwaha N, Jain A. Treatment with platelet-rich plasma is more effective than placebo for knee osteoarthritis: a prospective, double-blind, randomized trial. Am J Sports Med. 2013;41(2):356-364.Fuente
  8. 8.
    Bennell KL, Paterson KL, Metcalf BR, et al. Effect of Intra-articular Platelet-Rich Plasma vs Placebo Injection on Pain and Medial Tibial Cartilage Volume in Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis: The RESTORE Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2021;326(20):2021-2030.Fuente
  9. 9.
    Mishra AK, Skrepnik NV, Edwards SG, et al. Efficacy of platelet-rich plasma for chronic tennis elbow: a double-blind, prospective, multicenter, randomized controlled trial of 230 patients. Am J Sports Med. 2014;42(2):463-471.Fuente
  10. 10.
    Simental-Mendía M, Vílchez-Cavazos F, Álvarez-Villalobos N, et al. Clinical efficacy of platelet-rich plasma in the treatment of lateral epicondylitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled clinical trials. Clin Rheumatol. 2020;39(8):2255-2265.Fuente
  11. 11.
    Kieling L, Konzen AT, Zanella RK, Valente DS. Is autologous platelet-rich plasma capable of increasing hair density in patients with androgenic alopecia? A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. An Bras Dermatol. 2024;99(6):837-846.Fuente
  12. 12.
    Chen H, Zhou X. Meta-Analysis of the Efficacy of Platelet-Rich Plasma in Treating Skin Aging. Aesthet Surg J Open Forum. 2025.Fuente
  13. 13.
    Van Delen M, Derdelinckx J, Wouters K, Nelissen I, Cools N. A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials assessing safety and efficacy of human extracellular vesicle-based therapy. J Extracell Vesicles. 2024;13(7):e12458.Fuente
  14. 14.
    Lightner AL, Sengupta V, Qian S, et al. Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicle Infusion for the Treatment of Respiratory Failure From COVID-19: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Dosing Clinical Trial. Chest. 2023;164(6):1444-1453.Fuente
  15. 15.
    Sengupta V, Sengupta S, Lazo A, Woods P, Nolan A, Bremer N. Exosomes Derived from Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells as Treatment for Severe COVID-19. Stem Cells Dev. 2020;29(12):747-754.Fuente
  16. 16.
    Nassar W, El-Ansary M, Sabry D, et al. Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells derived extracellular vesicles can safely ameliorate the progression of chronic kidney diseases. Biomater Res. 2016;20:21.Fuente
  17. 17.
    Kishta MS, Ahmed HH, Toson EA, et al. The transforming role of Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes for diabetic foot ulcer healing: a randomized controlled clinical trial. Stem Cell Res Ther. 2025.Fuente
  18. 18.
    Wang Y, Li Z, Wang X, et al. Injection of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells exosomes for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis: from preclinical to clinical research. J Transl Med. 2025.Fuente
  19. 19.
    Lalu MM, McIntyre L, Pugliese C, et al; Canadian Critical Care Trials Group. Safety of Cell Therapy with Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (SafeCell): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Clinical Trials. PLoS One. 2012;7(10):e47559.Fuente
  20. 20.
    Thompson M, Mei SHJ, Wolfe D, et al. Cell therapy with intravascular administration of mesenchymal stromal cells continues to appear safe: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis. EClinicalMedicine. 2020;19:100249.Fuente
  21. 21.
    Tompkins BA, DiFede DL, Khan A, et al. Allogeneic Mesenchymal Stem Cells Ameliorate Aging Frailty: A Phase II Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2017;72(11):1513-1522.Fuente
  22. 22.
    Golpanian S, DiFede DL, Khan A, et al. Allogeneic Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Infusions for Aging Frailty. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2017;72(11):1505-1512.Fuente
  23. 23.
    Zhu Y, Huang C, Zheng L, et al. Safety and efficacy of umbilical cord tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of patients with aging frailty: a phase I/II randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Stem Cell Res Ther. 2024;15(1):122.Fuente
  24. 24.
    Dorronsoro A, Santiago FE, Grassi D, et al. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles reduce senescence and extend health span in mouse models of aging. Aging Cell. 2021;20(4):e13337.Fuente